The role of protein phosphatase 2A B56β holoenzyme in the regulation of heavy metal CdCl2 induced cytotoxicity / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of holoenzyme containing Protein Phosphatase 2A B56β in regulating CdCl2 induced cytotoxicity.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>CdCl2-induced cytotoxicity in normal human cell line L-02, AFB1-transformed hepatic cell line L-02 RT-AFB1 and tumor cell line Bel7402 was measured by modified MTT assay. Stable cell lines L-02 SHAKT, L-02 SHB56β, L-02 RT-AFB1-B56β and Bel7402-B56β were generated by infecting L-02 cells or Bel7402 cells with retroviral vectors encoding lentiviral AKT shRNA, lentiviral B56β shRNA and B56β. The relative cell viability was measured in normal human cell line AFB1-transformed hepatic cell line and tumor cell line when treated by CdCl2 (0, 20, 40, 80, 160 µmol/L). After treated by wortmannin (2.5, 5.0 µmol/L) combined with 40 µmol/L CdCl2, Western blot was applied to measure the expression of associated protein in L-02.Western blot was applied to measure the expression of B56β, MT (metallothionein), AKT, and p-AKT in these cell lines treated by CdCl2.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of MT were 0.12 ± 0.02, 0.06 ± 0.06 in L-02 RT-AFB1 and Bel7402, which were lower than L02 (0.92 ± 0.14) (F = 1 148.16, P < 0.001) when treated by 40 µmol/L CdCl2. When treated by 40 µmol/L CdCl2, the expression of p-AKT in L-02 SHAKT-1 and L-02 SHAKT-2 were 0.08 ± 0.02, 0.08 ± 0.05, which levels were lower than L-02 SHGFP (0.18 ± 0.15) (F = 724.70, P < 0.001); and the expression of MT were both 0.62 ± 0.16 in L-02 SHAKT-1 and L-02 SHAKT-2, which levels were higher than L-02 SHGFP (0.22 ± 0.14) (F = 94.73, P < 0.001). After treated by wortmannin (2.5, 5.0 µmol/L) combined with 40 µmol/L CdCl2, the expression of p-AKT in L-02 were 0.28 ± 0.07, 0.15 ± 0.11, which levels were lower than wortmannin untreated cells (0.52 ± 0.11) (F = 578.57, P < 0.001); and the expreesion of MT were 1.62 ± 0.80, 1.08 ± 0.15, which levels were higher than wortmannin untreated cells (0.69 ± 0.18) (F = 12.34, P < 0.001). When treated by 40 µmol/L CdCl2, the levels of p-AKT in L-02 SHB56β-1 and L-02 SHB56β-2 were 0.57 ± 0.13, 0.59 ± 0.02, which were higher than L-02 SHGFP (0.32 ± 0.02) (F = 87.16, P < 0.001); and the levels of MT were 0.35 ± 0.07, 0.20 ± 0.03 in L-02 SHB56β-1 and L-02 SHB56β-2, which were lower than L-02 SHGFP (1.51 ± 0.13) (F = 2 457.10, P < 0.001). After treated by 40 µmol/L CdCl2, the expression of p-AKT in L-02 RT-AFB1-B56β and Bel7402-B56β were 0.10 ± 0.11, 0.09 ± 0.01, which were lower than L-02 RT-AFB1 (0.36 ± 0.01) and Bel7402 (0.43 ± 0.11) (F = 877.62, P < 0.001); and the levels of MT were 0.92 ± 0.13, 0.95 ± 0.08 in L-02 RT-AFB1-B56β and Bel7402-B56β,which were higher than L-02 RT-AFB1 (0.44 ± 0.12) and Bel7402 (0.77 ± 0.06) (F = 51.97, P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Protein phosphatase 2A complexes containing B56β participated in the regulation of MT expression through direct dephosphorylation of AKT, finally affected the cytotoxicity responding to CdCl2. Our study revealed a key signaling pathways of PP2A involved in heavy metals induced cytotoxicity.</p>

Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of 45 patients with high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis factors of primary resectable high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinicopathological and follow-up data of 45 patients with primary resectable high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors between January 2002 and November 2010 were retrospectively reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Forty-five patients included 18 males and 27 females with a median age of 48 years (range, 28-77 years). Of 45 tumors, 19 (42.2%) located in the stomach, 9 (20.0%) in the small intestine, 7 (15.6%) in the rectum, 4 (8.9%) in the mesentery, and 6 (13.3%) in the retroperitoneum. All the patients received surgical resection and 35 (77.8%) underwent complete resection, 10 (22.2%) underwent resection of ruptured tumors (before or during operation), 33 (73.3%) underwent R0 resection, 5 (11.1%) underwent R1 resection, and 7 (15.6%) underwent R2 resection. All the patients received targeted therapy of imatinib after surgery. The median duration of imatinib was 24 (10-99) months. The main side effect was noticed in all the patients, mainly including edema in 39 (86.7%) patients and leukopenia in 27 (60.0%) patients. The relapse rate was 37.8% (17/45). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 100%, 86.7% and 74.4%, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that the degree of resection was independently associated with the prognosis of high-risk GIST patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Surgery is effective treatment for the GIST. Efforts to obtain R0 resection are important to improve the efficacy of primary resectable high-risk GIST.</p>

Superficial peroneal neurocutaneous vascular axial adipofascial-cutaneous flap pedicled with lateral supramalleolar perforator for coverage of donor site defects at foot dorsum / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report the operative techniques and clinical results of modified superficial peroneal neurocutaneous propeller adipofascial-cutaneous flap for reconstruction of donor site defects at foot dorsum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A propeller adipofascial flap with a skin pedicle (4-6 cm in width) based on the lateral superamalleolar perforating artery which vascularized the flap through the nutrient vessel chain of the superficial peroneal nerve was designed to repair defects after harvesting of foot pedicled dorsal flap. The defects at donor site of the leg was closed directly and split-thickness skin grafting was performed on the adipofascial surface of the flap primarily or secondarily.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From May 2007 to Oct. 2011, 7 cases were treated. All flaps were transplanted successfully with satisfactory cosmetic and functional results. The flaps size ranged from 19 cm x 8 cm to 30 cm x 11 cm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The flap has reliable blood supply with a relatively large vascularized area, long rotation are and minimum donor-site cosmetic morbidity. It' s a simple and safe procedure which is suitable for covering donor sites defects after harvesting foot pedicled dorsal flap.</p>

Pharmacokinetics--pharmacodynamics of modafinil in mice / 药学学报

To guide the reasonable clinical application of modafinil (MOD), pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of MOD in mice and the correlation between them were investigated. Male mice (Kunming strain) were given a single oral dose of MOD (120 mg x kg(-1)). The plasma concentration of MOD was measured by HPLC and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with DAS 3.0 software. For another batch of male Kunming strain mice, their locomotor activities were recorded by an infrared ray passive sensor after a same oral dose of MOD, and the synchronization and correlation between the changes of MOD plasma concentration and the locomotor activity induced by MOD were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the plasma concentration-time curve of MOD was fitted to two-compartment open model with a first order absorption. The main pharmacokinetic parameters t1/2alpha, t1/2beta, t(max), C(max) and AUC(0-inifinity) were 0.42 h, 3.10 h, 1.00 h, 41.34 mg x L(-1) and 142.22 mg x L(-1) x h, respectively. MOD significantly increased locomotor activity and the effect lasted for about 4 h. The changes of MOD plasma concentration and the locomotor activity induced by MOD were synchronous. In conclusion, there is a significant correlation between the effect of MOD and its plasma concentration after administration of 120 mg x kg(-1) in mice.

An investigation on the prevalence of internet addiction disorder in middle school students of Hunan province / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the prevalence of internet addiction disorder (IAD) in middle school students of Hunan and to explore its risk factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>5760 middle school students and their parents were sampled at random in Hunan province using two-stage sampling (stratified sampling and cluster sampling) method. The ten-item diagnosis tool for IAD, self-rating depression scale, self-rating anxiety scale, interpersonal sensitivity subscale of symptom checklist, family assessment device, parenting locus of control scale, and self-developed questionnaire were employed together to gather related data. 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to describe the prevalence of IAD. Chi-square and logistic regression tests were employed respectively to compare the differences of IAD prevalence among different subpopulations and to explore the possible influential factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall prevalence of IAD in middle school students of Hunan was 5.52%, with 95% CI as 4.84-6.20. IAD prevalence rates between males and females, being or not being monitored in the class and among different grades, showed significant differences (P < 0.05). No statistical difference was found between single child or having siblings in the family, being at key middle school or ordinary middle school, or within residential areas, (P > 0.05). Gender, tired of going to school, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, peer influence in haunting at internet bars, father's education level, the number of recreational settings in the community etc. were the influencing factors of IAD, with ORs as 0.281, 3.469, 2.318, 1.710, 1.877, 1.456, 1.273 and 0.726 respectively (P < 0.10).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of IAD in middle school students of Hunan was moderate compared to the reported prevalence rates in other provinces. Gender and peer influence in haunting at internet bars and other 6 factors were suggested to be correlated with IAD events.</p>

Development and evaluation of quality of life scale for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To develop a specific quality of life scale for Chinese Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.@*METHODS@#According to the quality of life definition of WHO, we used methods adhered to the rigorous guidelines of instrument development in item pool formation, item selection and scale validation with the data of 236 Type 2 diabetic patients recruited.@*RESULTS@#An 87-item Quality of Life Scale for patients with Type 2 DM-prior test version ( DMQLS), including 5 domains ( disease, physical, social, psychological, and satisfaction ) was developed and showed good reliability and validity. The disease domain made up of Type 2 diabetes mellitus-specific sub-scale and the other 4 domains formed the generic sub-scale for adults. The test-retest correlation coefficient, Cronbach's Alpha coefficient and split-half reliability coefficient of DMQLS were 0.996, 0.969 and 0.879, respectively. Twenty-one common factors were extracted according to the conceptual model. The scale's correlations with SF-36 and Diabetes Quality of Life Measure ( DQOL ) were 0.763 and 0.658. DMQLS could discriminate among those with different quality of lives.@*CONCLUSION@#DMQLS is reliable, valid and sensitive, and can be used to evaluate the curative effect of Type 2 diabetic patients.

Retroperitoneal laparoscopy for adrenal tumor:report of 24 cases / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopy for adrenal tumor and report the experience with this procedure for adrenal surgery.Methods From June 2003 to March 2007,we performed 24 laparoscopic tumorectomy via the retroperitoneal approach.Results All procedures were successful. The average operative time was 1.7 hours(ranging from 1 to 3.5 hours).All patients had no need of transfusion and no complication.All patients recovered.The average hospital stay was 4.5 days(ranging from 3 to 8 days).Patholog- ic diagnosis:10 cases of nonfunctional adenoma,6 cases of primary aldosteronism,4 cases of adrenal cyst,2 cases of pheochromocytoma,2 cases of Cushing's adenoma.Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery for adrenal oc- cupying lesion had such advantages as minimal invasive,safe and effective,early recovery and shorter stay in hospital. It should be the flint choice of treatment for adrenal occupying lesion.

Clinical efficacy of surgical therapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer after pre-operative neoajnvant chemotherapy / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:It is difficult to diagnose gastric cancer at an early stage,thus the resectable probability of gastric cancer is low.This study was to explore the efficacy of neoajuvant chemotherapy in terms of resectablity for the patients with advanced gastric cancer.Methods:Eighty-six patients with advanced gastric cancer were randomly divided into routine surgical operation group and neoajuvant chemotherapy+surgical operation group.The patients were examined by CT before surgery.The patients in neoajuvant chemotherapy+surgical operation group received two cycles of neoajuvant chemotherapy,and then were evaluated by CT.Results:In routine surgical operation group,the overall resectability rate was 83.7%(36/43),and the curative resection rate was 46.5%(20/43), 16.3%(7/43)was done by exp.lap.In neoajuvant chemotherapy+surgical operation group,the overall resectability rate was 93.0%(40/43),and the curative resection rate was 69.8%(30/43),only 7.0%(3/43)was exp.lap.No mortality was observed.There were no significant difference between both groups in terms of toxicities.Conclusions:The overall resectability rate and the curative resection rate are increased in patients with advanced gastric cancer aider neoajuvant chemotherapy.